The lithic hoard of hypogeum of colos (abrantes, middle tagus valley-Portugal) : Shadows of rituals
Part of : Mediterranean archaeology & archaeometry : international journal ; Vol.16, No.1, 2016, pages 75-86
Issue:
Pages:
75-86
Abstract:
In this paper we are presenting the use-wear traces study of some Lithic artefacts from a cinerary funerary context of Colos. This funerary monument is an hypogea dug in a hillock of a pour quality granite. Culturally it is part of the Megalithic period, chronologically covering the Final Neolithic and the Chalcolithic. The lithic assemblage found in Colos has a very important symbolic value; in the hoard there are big lithic artefacts made in exotic raw material. Which means they were produced by specialized artisans and the exotic character of the raw-material used induce to hypothesize the presence of long-range commerce. The study of the use-wear traces of this lithic assemblage could clarify the funerary rituals and practices. The main queston of this paper is: these artefacts were prepared only to offer the deceased, or they were used on daily life tasks? In our opinion the use-wear analysis of the lithic assemblage allow to deduce that the lithic assemblage were made and in some cases used in order to celebrate funerary cultural processes
Subject:
Subject (LC):
Keywords:
Chalcolithic, Funerary ritual, Grave goods, Mid tagus valley, Use-wear analysis
Notes:
Περιέχει 11 εικόνες
References (1):
- Adams, J., Methods for improving stone artifacts analysis: Experiments in mano wear patterns (1989) Experiments in Lithic Technology, Amick, D.S., Mauldin, R.P. (Eds.), BAR International Series, Oxford, pp. 259-275; Adams, J.L., Ground stone use-wear analysis: A review of terminology and experimental methods (2014) Journal of Archaeological Science, 48, pp. 129-138; Asryan, L., Ollé, A., Moloney, N., Reality and confusion in the recognition of post-depositional alterations and use-wear: An experimental approach on basalt tools (2014) Journal of Lithic Studies (2014), 1 (1), pp. 9-32; Banks, W., Kay, M., High resolution casts for lithic use-wear analysis (2003) Lithic Technology, 28 (1), pp. 27-34; Barrón, U.P., Bao, J.F.G., Marrero, J.A.A., Fernández, G.M., Serran, J.A.C., González, F.M., Use-wear analysis on the early neolithic blades from Castillejos de Montefrío (Granada) (2015) Spal Revista de prheistoria y arqueologia, 24, pp. 15-35; Batista, A., Sinais da importância da pedra na evolução humana na região de Abrantes (2013) Em pedra: Lascar, polir, esculpir, catálogo da Antevisão VI do Museu Ibérico de Arqueologia e Arte de Abrantes, pp. 8-33., V.V.A.A. Abrantes: Câmara Municipal de Abrantes; Berruti, G., Daffara, S., Theory and methods of the use wear analysis of lithic tools and the example of the arrowheads from the Morgado Superior cave (Tomar, PT) (2014) Antrope, 1, pp. 221-242; Beyries, S., (1988) Variabilite de ľlndustrie Lithique Mousterien: Approache Fonctionnelle sur Quelques Gisements Françaises. British Archaeological Reports International Series 328. Archaeopress, Oxford; Christensen, M., (1996) Le travaille et l'usage de ľivoire au Paleolithique superieur. Traceologie des outils en silex et caracteristion chimiue de polis d'utilisation, Paris: Université de Paris I; Clemente-Conte, I., Thermal alterations of flint implements and the conservation of microwear polish: Preliminary experimental observations (1997) Siliceous Rocks and Culture. Ramos Millán, A.; Bustillo, M. A. (Eds.) Granada: Universidad de Granada, 525-535; Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 1 da Jogada (Abrantes) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 26-31., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 2 da Jogada (Abrantes) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 32-35., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 3 da Jogada (Abrantes) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 32-35., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 4 da Jogada (Abrantes) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 36-41., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 5 da Jogada (Abrantes) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 42-48., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 1 de Vale Chãos (Abrantes) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 7-10., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 2 de Vale Chãos (Abrantes) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 11-25., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 1 do Rego da Murta (Alvaiázere) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 80-90., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta 2 do Rego da Murta (Alvaiázere) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 91-93., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A.R., Oosterbeek, L., Anta das Pedras Negras (Tomar) (1998) Techne, 4, pp. 226-230., Cruz, A. R. (dir.); Cruz, A., Delfino, D., Graça, Decoração e conotação de um recipiente cerâmico: Utilização doméstica, funerária e simbólica. As mais antigas cerâmicas do Concelho de Abrantes (2014) 8.000 anos a transformar o barro: Cerâmicas do M.I.A.A., catálogo da Antevisão VI do Museu Ibérico de Arqueologia e Arte de Abrantes, pp. 11-35., Delfino, D.; Portocarrero, G. (eds) Abrantes: Câmara Municipal de Abrantes; Cruz, A., Delfino, D., Gaspar, F., Batista, A., The Megalithic Antithesis: The case study of the Funerary Monument of Colos (Abrantes, Central Portugal) (2015) Time and Minds: The Journal of Archaeology and Consciousness and Culture, 8 (3), pp. 303-320; Davis, V., Edmonds, M., (2011) Stone axe studies III. Oxford, Oxbow Books; Delcaro, D., Asce (2005), accette e scuri in "pietra verde" delle Alpi occidentali (2005) Technologhia, 11, pp. 13-19; Delcaro, D., L'attività sperimentale (1996) Le Vie Della Pietra Verde. L'industria Litica Levigata Nella Preistoria dell'Italia Settentrionale, pp. 277-283., Venturino Gambari, M. (Ed.), Torino: Omega Edizioni; Diniz, M., Neolitização e megalitismo: Arquitecturas do tempo no espaço (2000) Muitas Antas, pouca gente? Actas do I Colóquio International sobre Megalitismo, Gonçalves, V., (ed.) Lisbon: IPA. (Trabalhos de Arqueologia; 16), pp. 105-116; Dockall, J.E., Wear Traces and Projectile Impact: A Review of the Experimental and Archaeological Evidence (1997) Journal of Field Archaeology, 24, pp. 321-331; Drewett, P., Oosterbeek, L., Cruz, A., Félix, P., Anta 1 de Val da Laje 1989/90-The excavation of a passage grave at Tomar (Portugal) (1992) Bulletin of the Institute of Archaeology, 28, pp. 133-148; Dubreuil, L., Long-term trends in Natufian subsistence: A use-wear analysis of ground stone tools (2004) Journal of Archaeological Science, 31, pp. 1613-1629; Dubreuil, L., Savage, D., Ground stones: A synthesis of the use-wear approach (2014) Journal of Archaeological Science, 48, pp. 139-153; Fischer, A., Vemming Hansen, P., Rasmussen, P., Macro and Micro Wear Traces on Lithic Projectile Points (1984) Journal of Danish Archaeology, 3, pp. 19-46; Gaspar, F., Batista, A., (2000) Relatório Técnico de Arqueologia, Fieldwork report sended to Instituto Portugês de Arqueologia, Lisbon; Geneste, J.M., Plisson, H., Technologie fonctionelle des pointes a cran Solutréennes: L'apport des nouvelles données de la grotte de Combe Saunière (Dordogne) (1990) Les Industries À Pointes Foliacées Du Paléolithique Supérieur Européen, pp. 293-320., Kozłowski, J. K. (Eds); Geneste, J.-M., Plisson, H., Analyse technologique des pointes à cran solutréennes du Placard (Charente), du Fourneau du Diable, du Pech de la Boissiere et de Combe-Saunière (Dordogne) (1989) Paléo, 1, pp. 65-106; Gibaja Bao, J.F., Neolithic Communities of the Northeastern Iberian Peninsula: Burials, Grave Goods and Lithic Tools (2004) Current Anthropology, 45, pp. 679-714; Gibaja Bao, J.F., Instrumentos líticos de las necrópolis catalanas. Comunidades de inicios del IVmilenio Cal BC (2003) Complutum, 14, pp. 55-71; Gibaja Bao, J.F., Palomo, A., Las puntas de flecha del sepulcrol colectivo de la Costa de Can Martorell (2003) Revista de Arqueologia, 24 (268), pp. 47-51; Hamon, C., Functional analysis of stone grinding and polishing tools from the earliest Neolithic of north-western Europe (2008) Journal of Archaeological Science, 35, pp. 1502-1520; Hansen, E., Eigeland, L., The rock that rocks that rock. An experimental study with hammerstones (2009) Non-Flint Raw Material Use in Prehistory. Old Prejudices and New Directions. Proceedings of the XV World Congress UISPP 11, pp. 67-75., Sternke, F., Eigeland, L., Costa, L.. (Eds.), BAR international series, 1939, Oxford: Archaeopress; Hiscock, P., Tabrett, A., Generalization, inference and the quantification of lithic reduction (2010) World Archaeology, 42 (4), pp. 545-561; Igreja, M., Use-wear analysis of non-flint stone tools using DIC microscopy and resin casts: A simple and effective technique (2009) Recent Functional Studies on Non Flint Stone Tools: Methodological Improvements and Archaeological Inferences. Proceedings of the Workshop, pp. 23-25., Lisbon, 1-20; Keeley, L.H., (1980) Experimental determination of stone tool uses: A microwear analysis, Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Kiers, L., Thermal alteration of red Helgoland flint (2013) A Kaleidoscope of Maritime Perspectives: Essays on the Archaeology, Art History and Landscape History of the Maritime World View, Raemaekers, D.C.. (Ed.), Elde: Barkhuis Publishing, pp. 17-24; Larsson, L., The passage of axes: Fire transformation of flint objects in the Neolithic of southern Sweden (2000) Antiquity, 74, pp. 604-610; Lemorini, C., (2000) Reconnaître des tactiques d'exploitation du milieu au Paléolithique moyen. La contribution de ľanalyse fonctionnelle Étude fonctionnelle des industries lithiques de Grotta Breuil (Latium, Italie) et de la Combette (Bonnieux, Vaucluse, France), BAR International Series 858, Oxford: Archaeopress; Lemorini, C., Plummer, T.W., Braun, D.R., Crittenden, A.N., Ditchfield, P.W., Bishop, L.C., Hertel, F., Potts, R., Old stones' song: Use-wear experiments and analysis of the Oldowan quartz and quartzite assemblage from Kanjera South (Kenya) (2014) Journal of Human Evolution, 72, pp. 10-25; Lemorini, C., Stiner, M.C., Gopher, A., Shimelmitz, R., Barkai, R., Use-wear analysis of an Amudian laminar assemblage from the Acheuleo-Yabrudian of Qesem Cave, Israel (2006) Journal of Archaeological Science, 33, pp. 921-934; Lombard, M., Evidence of hunting and hafting during the Middle Stone Age at Sibidu Cave, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A multianalytical approach (2005) Journal of Human Evolution, 48, pp. 279-300; Lunardi, A., Analisi Tecno-Funzionale degli strumenti in pietra non scheggiata per una ricostruzione del contesto economico della cultura dei Vasi a Bocca Quadrat. I stiti di Fimon-Molino Casarotto, Quinzano e Rivoli-Rocca (Veneto) (2012) Padusa, 68, pp. 53-86; Lunardi, A., Starnini, E., Dipartimento, S., Sarfatti, A.G., Ca, U., 3. 18 Tipologia, uso e materie prime delle industrie in pietra non scheggiata della Cultura dei VBQ: Materiali dal Veneto e dalla Liguria a confronto (2013) Atti soc. Preist. Protost. Friuli-V.G., Trieste, 18, pp. 53-86; Odell, G.H., Addressing Prehistoric Hunting Practices Through Stone Tool Analysis (1988) American Anthropologist, 90, pp. 335-356; Palomo, A., Gibaja, J.F., Pique, R., Bosch, A., Chinchilla, J., Tarrús, J., Harvesting cereals and other plants in Neolithic Iberia: The assemblage from the lake settlement at La Draga (2011) Antiquity, 85, pp. 759-771; Pereira, J., A analise dos vestigios de uso em quartzito (1993) Trabalhos de Antropologia e Etnologia, 33, pp. 51-68; Pereira, M., Bubner, T., (1982) A Anta da Foz do Rio Frio ou Casa dos Mouros (Ortiga)-resultados das escavações de 1982, Mação: Museu Municipal Dr. João Calado Rodrigues; Plisson, H., An Application of Casting Techniques For Observing and Recording of Microwear (1983) Lithic Technology, 12 (1), pp. 17-21; Plisson, H., Quels soins prendre des outillages lithiques pour l'analyse fonctionnelle? (1985) Bulletin de la Société Préhistorique Française, 4, pp. 1-19; Plisson, H., Mauger, M., Chemical and mechanical alteration of microwear polishes: An experimental approach (1988) Helinium, 28, pp. 3-16; Rots, V., (2010) Prehension and Hafting Traces on Flint Tools: A Methodology, Leuven: Leuven University Press; Scarre, C., Arias, P., Burenhult, G., Fano, M., Oosterbeek, L., Schulting, R., Sheridan, A., Whittle, A., Megalithic Chronologies (2003) Stones and Bones. Formal disposal of the dead in Atlantic Europe during the Mesolithic-Neolithic interface 6000-3000 BC, pp. 65-112., Burenhult, G., (ed.) BAR-International Series, 1201, Oxford: Archaeopress; Schmitt, D., Churchill, S.E., Hylander, W.L., Experimental Evidence Concerning Spear Use in Neandertals and Early Modern Humans (2003) Journal of Archaeological Science, 30, pp. 103-114; Schneider, J.S., Milling tool design, stone textures, and function (2002) Moudre et Broyer, pp. 31-53., Procopiou H., Treuil R. (Eds.), Paris: CTHS; Semenov, S.A., (1964) Prehistoric Technology; an Experimental Study of the Oldest Tools and Artefacts from Traces of Manufacture and Wear, London: Cory. Adams and Mackay; Shea, J.J., Davis, Z., Brown, K., Experimental Tests of Middle Palaeolithic Spear Points Using a Calibrated Crossbow (2001) Journal of Archaeological Science, 28, pp. 807-816; Shoumacker, A., Apports de la technologie et de la pétrographie pour la caractérisation des meules (1993) Traces Et Fonction, Les Gestes Retrouvés. Presented at the Actes Du Colloque International de Liège, 8-9-10 Décembre 1990, pp. 165-176., Anderson, P.C., Beyries, S., Otte, M., Plisson, H. (Eds.), Valbonne: Centre de Recherches Archéologiques du CNRS & Etudes et Recherches Archéologiques de l'Université de Liège; Sisk, M.L., Shea, J.J., Experimental use and quantitative performance analysis of triangular flakes (Levallois points) used as arrowheads (2009) Journal of Archaeological Science, 36, pp. 2039-2047; Stapert, D., Some natural surface modifications on flint in the Netherlands (1976) Palaeohistoria, 18, pp. 8-41; Stemp, W.J., Lerner, H.J., Kristant, E.H., Quantifying microwear on experimental Mistassini quartzite scrapers: Preliminary results of exploratory research using LSCM and scale-sensitive fractal analysis (2013) Journal of Archaeological Science, 35, pp. 28-39; Sussman, C., (1988) A microscopic analysis of use-wear polish formation on experimental quartz tools, BAR International Series, 395, Oxford: Archaeopress; Sussman, C., Microwear on quartz: Fact or fiction? (1985) World Archaeology, 17 (1), pp. 101-111; Terradas, X., Gibaja Bao, J.F., Palomo, A., Producing for the dead, using while alive: Lithic tools production and consumption in the late neolithic of north-eastern Iberia (2012) Social, Economic and Symbolic Perspectives at the Dawn of Metal Production, , Lemorini, C., Conati Barbaro, C. (Eds.), BAR International Series 2372, Oxford: Archaeopress; Tringham, R., Cooper, G., Odell, G.H., Voytek, B., Whitman, A., Experimentation in the Formation of Edge Damage: A New Approach to Lithic Analysis (1974) Journal of Field Archaeology, 1, pp. 171-196; Waldorf, D., (1994) The Art of Flint Knapping, 76p., Mound Builder Books, Branson MO, USA; Weedman, K., An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Hafting and Stone Tool Diversity among the Gamo of Ethiopia (2006) Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 13 (3), pp. 189-238; Van Gijn, A.L., The wear and tear of flint. Principles of functional analysis applied to Dutch Neolithic assemblages (1989) Analecta Praehistorica Leidensia, 22, pp. 115-192; Vaughan, P., (1985) Use-wear analysis of flaked stone tools, Tucson: The University of Arizona Press; Villa, P.U.D.C., Lenoir, M.C.N.D.I.C., Hunting weapons of the Middle Stone Age and the Middle Palaeolithic: Spear points from Sibudu, Rose Cottage and Bouheben (2006) Southern African Humanities, 18 (1), pp. 89-122., (Francia); Ziggioti, S., Lo studio funzionale delle industrie litiche scheggiate (2011) Manuale Di Tecnologia Litica Preistorica, pp. 207-222., Arzarello, M., Peresani, M., F., F. (Eds.), Roma: Carocci
