Mortar analysis of wall painting at Amfissa Cathedral for conservation – restoration purposes

Part of : Mediterranean archaeology & archaeometry : international journal ; Vol.15, No.3, 2015, pages 301-311

Issue:
Pages:
301-311
Author:
Abstract:
Contemporary artist Spyros Papaloukas in 1932 undertook a major artistic venture, the painting of the interior murals of the Amfissa Cathedral (Church of the Annunciation) a cross-domed church built in 1868 on the ruins of an early Christian basilica. In this 1000 sq monumental work, Papaloukas, even though he follows the strictly established rules of Byzantine ecclesiastical art, he dares to attempt a new approach to the aesthetic merits of Byzantine iconography by introducing elements of the post- Impressionists, the Fauves and the Nabis. Following our earlier work of spectroscopy of mural paintings in this Cathedral, here we present the analysis of ten mortar wall samples regarding granulometry and mineralogy, by XRD, SEM, as well as, a study of resistance-breaking and the level of mechanical strength was determined by comparing the diagrams of power – displacement, where the compressive strength of mortars ranged between 0.5-0.8MPa.
Subject:
Subject (LC):
Keywords:
Amfissa, mortar, conservation, cathedral, Papaloukas, wall painting, granulometry, SEM, XRD, mechanical strength
Notes:
Corresponding author: I.Liritzis (liritzis@rhodes.aegean.gr)
References (1):
  1. Binder, C.(1997) A technical study of the paintings in the choir of the Magdalenenkirche in Judenburg, Austria’, Courtauld Institute of Art, London.991997Baumann, E., Zehnder, K., and Rüegg, T., (1998) Le chauffage des églises. Les difficultés de la recherche d'un équilibre entre les exigences de confort et les risques de dommages - l'exemple de la cathédrale de Coire. IAS Bulletin technique de la Suisse romande, 21, 342-349.Fillipakis, S. E., Perdikatsis, B. and Paradelis, T., (1976) An analysis of Bleu Pigment from Greek bronze Age, Studies in Conservation, 21, 143-153.Fillipakis, S. E., Perdikatsis, B. and Assimenos, K., (1979) X-ray Analysis of Pigments from Vergina Greece, (second Tomb), Studies in Conservation, 24, 54-58.Cameron, M. A. S., Jones, R. E. and Fillipakis, S. E., (1977) Analyses of Fresco samples from Knossos. The An-nals of the British School of Archaeology in Athens, 72, p. 123-184.Calamiotou, M., Siganidou, M. and Fillipakis, S. E., (1983) X-ray analysis of pigments from Pella, Greece. Studies in Conservation, 28, 117-121.Kakouli.I (2002) Late the Classical and Hellenistic painting techniques and materials: a review of the tech-nical literature, Reviews in Conservation, No 3, 56-67.Leona, M. and Winter, J. (2001) Fiber optics reflectance spectroscopy: A unique tool for the investigation of Japanese paintings. Studies in Conservation. 46, 153-162.Liritzis.I and Polychroniadou.E (2007) Optical and analytical techniques applied to the Amfissa Cathedral mural paintings made by the Greek artist Spyros Papaloukas (1892-1957). Revue d’ Archaeometrie (Archaeosciences), 31, 97-112MacDougall, C and Vardy, S (2014) Mechanical performance of lime-cement mortar for straw-bale construc-tion. Journal of Green Building, Vol. 9, No. 3, 100-115.Mills.J.S and White Raymond (1962) The organic chemistry of museum objects, 2nd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, London (1993), and Lucas.A and Harris.J.R, Ancient Egyptian materials and industries, 4th edition, London, 356-7.Mantler.M and Schreiner.M, (2001) X-ray analysis of art and archaeology. J. Radioanalytical & Nucl. Chem., Vol.247, No 3, (2001) 635-644.Spiteris, T. (1982) Masters of the Greek painting of the 19th-20th century, Kastaniotis Publ., AthensSchwan, E., (1998) Secular wall paintings in Normandy: condition and conservation priorities’ (published as 'Les peintures murales de Sainte-Gauburge', in Art de Basse-Normandie, 116, 35-37), Courtauld Institute of Art, LondonWallert A (1995) Unusual pigments on a Greek marble basin, Studies in Conservation, 40, 177-188