Αρχαιομετρία, μια αναδυομένη επιστήμη : εφαρμογή φυσικών μεθόδων χρονολόγησης σε ελληνικά αρχαιολογικά ευρήματα
Part of : Αρχαιολογικά ανάλεκτα εξ Αθηνών ; Vol.XIV, No.1, 1981, pages 85-92
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85-92
Parallel Title:
Archaeometry a new emerged science : application of physical methods of dating to hellenic archaeological finds
Section Title:
Σύμμεικτα
Author:
Abstract:
This article gives a resumé of the applied dating methods in archaeology and describes them with regards to materials and time-scale of application.The methods outlined are Dendrochronology or Tree-ring, radiocarbon ( C-14 ), K-Ar, Fission Track, Obsidian hydration, Analysis of bones for Uranium, Fluorite and Nitrogen, Amino- acid datipg, paleomagnetism and Ar- chaeomagnetism, Electron Spin resonance ( ESR ), Thermoluminescence, and Uranium disequilibrium Series.Their contribution towards the chronological deciphering of the past cultures is emphasized. It is also given by the author the first dating results on certain Hellenic archaeological materials using the methods of Thermoluminescence and U234/Th230.The materials of application were Mi-noan Kilns from 2000 - 1000 yrs B.C. with overall estimated errors of ±3 to ±5%.Also, ceramics, well fired clays and kiln materials from the Neolithic settlements of Sesklo and Dimini ( Thessaly ) were dated with the aim to better determine the timespan of the Neolithic period in Greece and comparisons were made with some C-14 dates.Intercommunication between these two Settlements was found to be highly probable in the Middle to Late Neolithic and this was further supported by Neutron Activation and Thin Section Analyses. The errors lied between ±5 to ±8%.Finally the method of U234/Th230 was applied to stalagmites and travertines from the Petralona cave ( Ghalkidiki Peninsula, North of Greece ). The aim was to investigate the controversial age of an early hominid Skull found there.Because the exact position of this Skull and its associated ( but unexisted ) skeleton is problematic, the dates were given with caution.However from the unearthed findings this “ archanthropus petraloniensis ”could have been existing at least 270.000 yrs B.P. and human activities as well as fauna remains were present at 300 -350.000 yrs and at around 700.000 yrs ago. From the data above the Skull is suggested to belong to the transition of the human species from Homo Erectus to Homo Sapiens if not to an ancient Homo sapiens.
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Keywords:
αρχαιολογική χρονολόγηση
